Edible truffles are a type of subterranean fungi that belong to the genus Tuber. They are known for their unique and intense aroma, which is a result of the presence of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as terpenes, esters, and aldehydes.

Black truffles (Tuber melanosporum) are typically dark in color, with a rough and irregular surface. They grow in symbiosis with the roots of trees such as oak, hazel, and beech. They are found in Mediterranean regions of Europe and are considered one of the most valuable truffle varieties.

White truffles (Tuber magnatum) are lighter in color, with a smooth and irregular surface. They grow in symbiosis with the roots of trees such as oak, hazel, and beech, but are found mainly in Northern Italy. They are considered the most valuable and expensive truffles.

Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum), also called the Summer truffle, is found in Europe and North America, and have a slightly sweeter taste than the winter ones.

Bianchetto truffle (Tuber borchii) is also known as “white Alba truffle” , and it is found in Italy and Spain. It has a less intense and musky aroma than the white truffle, but it is still considered a delicacy.

All edible truffles are highly prized for their unique flavor, and are often used in gourmet cooking. They can be found in the wild, but today most of the truffles are cultivated.